From 1 January 2020, wide ranging changes will come into effect in Switzerland in the form of the Swiss Federal Financial Services Act (FinSA) and the Swiss Federal Financial Institutions Act (FinIA).
The most significant impact of this for private fund managers outside of Switzerland is that in many cases, the need for a Swiss Representative and Swiss Paying Agent will fall away. Currently, this is not required when distributing funds to regulated qualified investors (e.g. banks and insurance institutions), but it is required when engaging with most other institutional investors who are generally themselves not regulated by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA). This means that in a majority of cases, firms distributing their private funds to Swiss institutional investors to any significant degree are currently required to appoint a Swiss representative and Swiss paying agent.
From 1 January 2020, a Swiss representative and Swiss paying agent will only be needed when distributing private funds to high-net-worth individuals (HNWI), or family offices that do not have professional treasury operations, and crucially will cease to apply in relation to other types of qualified investors, regardless of whether they are directly regulated by FINMA. This means that in a majority of cases, the requirement to appoint Swiss representative and a Swiss paying agent when distributing private funds will cease to apply.
This difference in treatment is connected to another new requirement, which is to categorise investors as retail clients or professional clients, albeit with a system of opt-ins and opt-outs to allow some clients to change their categorisation. By default, HNWI and family offices that do not have professional treasury operations would be considered as retail/private clients. These clients may “opt-out” to be classified as professional clients, which will enable fund distribution to occur without the need for a costly public offering. In that case however, the fact that these clients have opted out from the retail/private client status to become professional clients means that the requirement to appoint a Swiss representative and Swiss paying agent will continue to apply. For all other “per se” professional clients that have not opted out, the requirement to appoint a Swiss representative and Swiss paying agent will fall away from 1 January 2020.
With respect to HNWI, an additional change is that the threshold for being considered as HNWI will also reduce from a net worth of 5 million Swiss francs to a net worth of 2 million Swiss francs (around $2 million USD).
A significant caveat is that these rules have not yet been finalised, which is expected to take place sometime in November, and some elements of the new regime remain unclear. For example, new requirements are likely to apply to the “service provider,” rather than the fund, which will apply at the point of sale when making an offer for the fund. The degree to which these new requirements will impact private fund managers distributing their funds in Switzerland should become clearer once these rules are finalised. Firms are therefore advised not to disengage from their Swiss representatives too hastily, and to make sure they have taken proper advice and ensured they can meet any new requirements before doing so.